Explainers

Scopes 1, 2 and 3 are ways of classifying climate-warming greenhouse gas emissions, based on where they came from.

A carbon border adjustment mechanism is a policy that charges a fee for imported goods based on how much climate pollution was created making them.

Through tools including "ESG" ratings, green bonds, and fossil fuel divestment, a growing number of investors are factoring risks from climate change into their choices about what assets to buy and sell.

Carbon pricing is a policy tool to lower emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, by putting a tax or other price on them.

Climate targets are the limits that scientists and policymakers set in plans to combat climate change.

Carbon offsets are tradable “rights” or certificates linked to activities that lower the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.